What is Hypertension?

Hypertension

Quick Answer

It is a condition where the force of the blood against the artery walls is too high. This can lead to serious health issues over time, such as heart disease and stroke.

Overview

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, occurs when the blood vessels have consistently elevated pressure. This condition can develop over many years and often goes unnoticed because it usually has no symptoms. When left untreated, hypertension can lead to severe health problems, including heart attack, kidney damage, and vision loss. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and is expressed with two numbers, such as 120/80 mm Hg. The first number, systolic pressure, measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats. The second number, diastolic pressure, measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart rests between beats. A reading of 130/80 mm Hg or higher typically indicates hypertension, which means the heart is working harder than normal to pump blood. Managing hypertension is crucial because it can silently damage the body over time. For example, a person may feel fine but still have high blood pressure that puts them at risk for serious complications. Lifestyle changes like a balanced diet, regular exercise, and reducing salt intake can help control blood pressure and reduce the risk of related diseases.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the common causes of hypertension?

Common causes include genetics, poor diet, lack of physical activity, and excessive alcohol consumption. Stress and certain chronic conditions can also contribute to the development of high blood pressure.

How can I lower my blood pressure?

You can lower your blood pressure through lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy weight. Reducing salt intake and managing stress can also be effective.

What are the risks of untreated hypertension?

Untreated hypertension can lead to serious health issues like heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. It can also cause damage to your blood vessels, eyes, and other organs over time.