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◉ Psychology·2 min·Updated Mar 13, 2026

What is PERMA Model?

PERMA Model of Well-Being

Quick Answer

The PERMA Model is a framework in positive psychology that outlines five essential elements for well-being: Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Achievement. It helps individuals understand and enhance their happiness and life satisfaction.

Overview

The PERMA Model is a concept developed by psychologist Martin Seligman that identifies five key components essential for a fulfilling life. These components are Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Achievement. By focusing on these areas, individuals can improve their mental health and overall happiness. Each element of the PERMA Model plays a crucial role in well-being. Positive Emotion refers to experiencing joy and satisfaction, while Engagement involves being deeply involved in activities that challenge and fulfill us. Relationships highlight the importance of social connections, and Meaning emphasizes having a sense of purpose. Achievement is about setting and reaching personal goals, which contributes to self-esteem and motivation. For example, someone who practices gratitude (a Positive Emotion) may feel happier and more satisfied with life. They might also engage in hobbies that captivate their interest, build strong friendships, find meaning in their work, and set personal goals to achieve. This holistic approach to well-being is central to positive psychology, which aims to help people lead more fulfilling lives.

Frequently Asked Questions

The five elements of the PERMA Model are Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Achievement. Each element contributes to an individual's overall well-being and happiness.
You can apply the PERMA Model by actively seeking to enhance each of the five elements. This could involve practicing gratitude, pursuing hobbies, nurturing relationships, finding purpose in your work, and setting personal goals.
The PERMA Model is important because it provides a structured way to understand and improve well-being. It shifts the focus from merely treating mental illness to promoting positive mental health and happiness.